Abstract

The present study aimed at analyzing the technical and tactical aspects of professional padel matches in relation to gender and match outcome. For this purpose, a notational analysis was performed on 22 official matches of the World Padel Tour 2016 by means of 18 technical and tactical indicators. A non-parametric approach was applied to evaluate differences (P ≤ 0.05) between gender and match outcome subgroups. For gender, differences emerged for the occurrence (P<0.001) and duration (P<0.001) of rallies, backhand strokes (P=0.02) and backhand volley (P=0.027), strokes close to net (P=0.001) and from midfield zone (P=0.012), smashes determining ball out (P<0.001), and first service faults (P<0.001). For match outcome, a difference was found only for the occurrence of winning rallies (in general: P<0.001; in female performance: P=0.009; in male performance: P=0.001). Although findings highlight that padel performance can be discriminated only for gender, whereas winning and losing performances resulted similar, probably for the influence of different playing styles, this study could represent a valuable reference for further analyses and more effective padel training plans.

Resumen

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar aspectos técnicos y tácticos en pádel profesional en relación con el género y el resultado final del partido. Para ello, se realizó un análisis notacional de 22 partidos oficiales del circuito profesional World Padel Tour 2016 registrando 18 indicadores técnicos y tácticos. Se llevó a cabo un análisis no paramétrico de los datos para comparar las diferencias (P ≤ 0,05) entre los subgrupos de género y resultado final. Para el género, se encontraron diferencias en el número (P<0,001) y duración (P<0,001) de los rallies, golpes de revés (P=0,02) y voleas de revés (P=0,027), golpes cerca de la red (P<0,001) y golpes desde la zona intermedia del campo (P=0,012), remates ganadores por bola fuera del campo (P<0,001) y faltas de primer saque (P<0,001). Para el resultado del partido, se encontraron diferencias únicamente en el número de rallies ganadores (en general: P<0,001; en mujeres: P=0,009; en hombres: P=0,001). Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto importantes diferencias en el rendimiento de pádel en cuanto al género, observando resultados similares entre ganadores y perdedores probablemente como consecuencia de diferentes estilos de juego. Este estudio por tanto puede servir como referencia válida para el desarrollo tanto de futuros análisis como de planes de entrenamiento más efectivos en pádel.

https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2018.05103

References/referencias

Akpinar, S.; Devrilmez, E., & Kirazci, S. (2012). Coincidence-anticipation timing requirements are different in racket sports. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 115(2), 581-593.
https://doi.org/10.2466/30.25.27.PMS.115.5.581-593

Cabello Manrique, D., & González-Badillo, J. J. (2003). Analysis of the characteristics of competitive badminton. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 37(1), 62-66.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.37.1.62

Carrasco, L.; Romero, S., Sañudo, B., & de Hoyo, M. (2011). Game analysis and energy requirements of padel competition. Science & Sports, 26(6), 338-344.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2010.12.016

Casolino, E.; Cortis C., Lupo, C., Chiodo, S., Minganti, C., & Capranica, L. (2012). Physiological vs Psychological Evaluation in Taekwondo Elite Athletes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 7(4), 322-331.
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.7.4.322

 Chalabaev, A., Sarrazin, P., Fontayne, P., Boiché, J., & Clément-Guillotin, C. (2013). The influence of sex stereotypes and gender roles on participation and performance in sport and exercise: Review and future directions. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(2), 136-144.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.10.005

Chin, M. K.; Steininger, K., So, R. C., Clark, C. R., & Wong, A. S. (1995). Physiological profiles and sport specific fitness of Asian elite squash players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 29(3), 158-164.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.29.3.158

Chiodo, S.; Tessitore, A., Cortis, C., Lupo, C., Ammendolia, A., & Capranica, L. (2012). Effects of Official Youth Taekwondo Competitions on Jump and Strength Performances. European Journal of Sport Science, 12(2), 113-120.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2010.545837

Conte, D.; Favero, T. G., Lupo, C., Francioni, F. M., Capranica, L., & Tessitore, A. (2015). Time-motion analysis of Italian elite women basketball games: individual and team analyses. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(1), 144-150.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000633

Conte, D.; Tessitore, A., Smiley, K., Thomas, C., & Favero, T. G. (2016). Performance profile of NCAA division I men's basketball games and training sessions. Biology of Sport, 33(2), 189-194.
https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1200512

Courel-Ibáñez, J.; Sánchez-Alcaraz, B. J, Benítez, S., & Echegaray, M. (2017). Evolution of padel in Spain according to practitioners’ gender and age. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 12(34), 39-46.

Courel-Ibáñez, J.; Sánchez-Alcaraz, B. J., & Cañas, J. (2015). Effectiveness at the net as a predictor of final match outcome in professional padel players. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 15(2), 632-640.

Courel-Ibáñez, J.; Sánchez-Alcaraz Martínez, B. J., & Cañas, J. (2017). Game performance and length of rally in professional padel players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 55, 161-169.

Ferrauti, A.; Bergeron, M. F., Pluim, B. M., & Weber, K. (2001). Physiological responses in tennis and running with similar oxygen uptake. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 85, 27-33.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210100425

Faude, O.; Meyer, T., Rosenberger, F., Fries, M., Huber, G., & Kindermann, W. (2007). Physiological characteristics of badminton match play. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 100(4), 479-485.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0441-8

García-Benítez, S.; Courel-Ibáñez, J., Pérez-Bilbao, T., & Felipe, J. L. (in press). Game responses during young padel match play: age and gender comparisons. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research.

Girard, O.; Chevalier, R., Habrard, M., Sciberras, P., Hot, P., & Millet, G. P. (2007). Game analysis and energy requirements of elite squash. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(3), 909-914.
https://doi.org/10.1519/R-20306.1

Gómez, M. A. (2017). The importance of performance analysis as an emergent research topic in sport sciences. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 47(13), 1-4.
https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2017.047ed

Gómez, M. A.; DelaSerna, A., Lupo, C., & Sampaio, J. (2014). Effects of Situational Variables and Starting Quarter Score in the outcome of elite women water polo game quarters. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 14(1), 73-83.

Gómez, M. A.; DelaSerna, A., Lupo, C., & Sampaio, J. (2016). Effects of Game Location, Quality of Opposition and Starting Quarter Score in the outcome of elite water polo quarters. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(4), 1014-1020.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182aa5f59

Gómez M. A.; Gasperi L., & Lupo C. (2016). Performance analysis of game dynamics during the 4th game quarter of NBA close games. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 16(1), 249-263.

Hopkins, W. G. (2016). A scale of magnitudes for effect statistics. Retrieved from http://www.sportsci.org/resource/stats/effectmag.html. Accessed October 3, 2016.

Huck, S. W. (2000). Reading statistics and research (3rd ed). (pp.628–629). New York, NY: Addition, Wesly Longman.

Hughes, M., & Franks, I. (2004). From analysis to coaching. In M. Hughes & I. Franks (Eds.), Notational analysis of sport: Systems for better coaching and performance in sport (pp.257–271). London: Routledge.

Lees, A. (2003). Science and the major racket sports: a review. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(9), 707-732.
https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000140275

Lupo, C.; Minganti, C., Cortis, C., Perroni, F., Capranica, L., & Tessitore, A. (2012). Effects of competition level on the centre forward role of men water polo. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(9), 889-897.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.679673

Lupo, C., & Tessitore, A. (2016). How important is the final outcome to interpret match analysis data: the influence of scoring a goal, and difference between close and balance games in elite soccer. Comment on Lago-Peñas and Gómez-López. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 122(1), 280-285.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512515626629

Lupo, C.; Capranica, L., Cugliari, G., Gómez, M. A., & Tessitore, A. (2016). Tactical, swimming activity, and heart rate aspects of youth water polo game. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 56(9), 997-1006.

Muñoz, D.; Courel-Ibáñez, J., Sánchez-Alcaraz, B. J., Díaz, J., Grijota, F., & Muñoz, J. (2017). Analysis of the use and effectiveness of lobs to recover the net regarding game context in padel. Retos, 31, 19-22.

O’Donoghue, P., & Ingram, B. (2001). A notational analysis of elite tennis strategy. Journal of Sports Sciences, 19(2), 107-115.
https://doi.org/10.1080/026404101300036299

Ooi, C. H.; Tan, A., Ahmad, A., Kwong, K. W., Sompong, R., Ghazali, K. A. M., & Thompson, M. W. (2009). Physiological characteristics of elite and sub-elite badminton players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(14), 1591-1599.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410903352907

Sánchez-Alcaraz, B. J. (2014a). Análisis de la exigencia competitiva del pádel en jóvenes jugadores. Competitive analysis of requirement of young paddle players. Kronos, 13(1), 1-9.

Sánchez-Alcaraz, B. J. (2014b). Game actions and temporal structure differences between male and female professional paddle players. Acción Motriz, 12, 17-35.

Sánchez-Alcaraz, B. J.; Courel-Ibáñez, J., & Cañas, J. (2016). Groundstroke accuracy assessment in padel players according to their level of play. RICYDE. Revista International de Ciencias del Deporte, 45(12), 324-333.
https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2016.04507

Smekal, G.; von Duvillard, S. P., Rihacek, C., Pokan, R., Hofmann, P., Baron, R., & Bachl, N. (2001). A physiological profile of tennis match play. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(6), 999-1005.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200106000-00020

Torres-Luque, G.; Ramirez, A., Cabello-Manrique, D., Nikolaidis, P. T., & Alvero-Cruz, J. R. (2015). Match analysis of elite players during paddle tennis competition. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 15(3), 1135-1144.
https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2015.11868857

United States Tennis Association (2004). Coaching Tennis successfully (2nd ed). Champaign: Human Kinetics

Villena-Serrano, M.; Castro-López, R., Lara-Sánchez, A., & Cachón-Zagalaz, J. (2016). A systematic review of the characteristic and impact of paddle tennis in Spain. Apunts. Educación física y deportes, 4(126), 7-22.