El objetivo del siguiente estudio fue analizar los efectos sobre la condición física y calidad de vida (CV), de un programa de ejercicio supervisado y no supervisado en mujeres Supervivientes de Cáncer de Mama (SCM) del ámbito rural. Para ello se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental con 114 SCM de la provincia de Ciudad Real. Mientras que el grupo control siguió su actividad física habitual, el experimental participaba en tres sesiones de ejercicio semanales; dos supervisadas y una no supervisada, donde se trabajaba movilidad articular, Capacidad Aeróbica (CA) y Resistencia Muscular (RM) de grandes grupos musculares; la duración del programa fue de cinco semanas. Las variables analizadas fueron la CA con el test UKK de dos kilómetros, RM con test funcionales de brazos y test de sentarse-levantarse de la silla. La Composición Corporal (CC) se analizó a través de impedancia bioeléctrica. La variable de CV fue medida con el cuestionario EORTC QLQ-C30 (versión 3.0). Finalizaron la intervención 21 SCM (edad 51,62 ± 8,44), ocho en el grupo experimental y 13 en el grupo control. Para las variables de la CA y RM hubo mejoras del 26,17 % y 18,91 %, respectivamente. No se encontraron mejoras para CV, ni para la CC. Conclusiones: El programa de ejercicio supervisado y no supervisado de cinco semanas de duración ha sido insuficiente para mejorar la condición física y CV de SCM del ámbito rural.

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the effect that a supervised and unsupervised exercise program has on the physical function and quality of life (QoL) in rural breast cancer survivors (BCS). For this, a quasi-experimental study was carried out with 114 BCS in the province of Ciudad Real. While the control group continued with its usual physical activity, the experimental group participated in three exercise sessions; two supervised and one of them unsupervised, in which they trained articular mobility, cardiorespiratory fitness (CF), and muscular resistance (MR) in large muscle groups; the duration of the program was five weeks. The variables analyzed were CF with the UKK two kilometers test, MR with the functional arms test and chair stand test. The body composition (BC) was analyzed with the bioelectrical impedance. QoL was measured using the EORTC QLQ-C30 (version 3.0) questionnaire. 21 BCS finished the intervention (aged 51,62 ± 8,44), eight in the experimental group, and 13 in the control group. We reported improvements in CF and MR of 26,17 % and 18,91 % respectively. Improvements in QoL and BC were not found.  Conclusions: A five weeks supervised and unsupervised exercise program was insufficient to improve physical fitness and QoL in rural BCS.

https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2019.05604

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