La fibromialgia es una enfermedad caracterizada por una sintomatología compleja con presencia de dolor crónico generalizado junto con otros síntomas incapacitantes como fatiga y problemas de memoria. Como consecuencia, suelen verse deteriorados sus niveles de bienestar. Por lo tanto, es necesario encontrar factores modificables mediante terapia para mejorar el bienestar en la fibromialgia. En esta población, la fuerza de prensión manual es un conocido marcador relevante de salud física, pero se desconoce si también lo es de salud psicológica. Objetivo. Analizar la asociación entre los niveles de fuerza de prensión manual con el bienestar subjetivo en mujeres con fibromialgia. Métodos. Este estudio transversal incluyó a 465 mujeres pertenecientes a pertenecientes a la Comunidad de Andalucía (España). La fuerza se midió a través del test de prensión manual. Las dos dimensiones (i.e., afectiva y cognitiva) del bienestar subjetivo se midieron con cuestionarios, Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) para el afecto positivo y negativo y Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) para la satisfacción con la vida. La asociación de la fuerza de prensión manual con estas dimensiones se analizó mediante regresiones lineales ajustadas por la edad y el consumo de medicamentos. Resultados. Mayores niveles de fuerza se asociaron con mayor afecto positivo (p<0,001), menor afecto negativo (p<0,001) y mayor satisfacción con la vida (p<0,05). Conclusión. En una muestra representativa de la población andaluza de mujeres con fibromialgia, este estudio ha identificado que los niveles de fuerza están positivamente asociados con puntuaciones más favorables de bienestar subjetivo (i.e., afecto positivo, afecto negativo y satisfacción con la vida). En general, la fuerza de estas asociaciones fue débil. Para esclarecer la causalidad de nuestros hallazgos se requieren futuros estudios longitudinales y experimentales.

Abstract

Fibromyalgia is a disease characterized by a complex symptomatology including presence of widespread chronic pain and other disabling symptoms such as fatigue and poor memory. Thus, fibromyalgia often supposes a considerable burden for well-being. Therefore, finding factors that may be modifiable by therapy is of interest in order to enhance well-being among people with fibromyalgia. Objective. To analyse the association between levels of handgrip strength with well-being in women with fibromyalgia. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 465 women with fibromyalgia from from Community of Andalusia (Spain). Strength was measured by means of the handgrip strength test. The two dimensions (affective and cognitive) of subjective well-being were measured with questionnaires, positive and negative affect was assessed by the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and satisfaction with life by the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The association between the handgrip strength test and positive affect, negative affect and satisfaction with life was analysed by linear regression models adjusted for age and consumption of medications (for depression, pain and sleep). Results. Higher levels of strength were associated with higher positive affect (p<0.001), lower negative affect (p<0.001) and higher life satisfaction (p<0.05). Conclusion. Conducted in a representative sample of the Andalusian population of women with fibromyalgia, the present study has identified that muscular strength levels are positively associated with more favorable scores in all dimensions of subjective well-being (i.e., positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction). Overall, the strength of these associations was weak. In order to elucidate the causality of our findings, future longitudinal and experimental studies are required.

https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2019.05801

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