El arbitraje en el fútbol demanda una elevada implicación neuromuscular que puede producir un importante acúmulo de fatiga y limitar el rendimiento físico de los árbitros. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) describir el rendimiento en un test incremental en tapiz y en la capacidad de salto vertical (SV) bilateral y unilateral de árbitros de fútbol y 2) analizar la variación en la capacidad de SV, después de realizar un test incremental máximo de resistencia con respecto a los valores iniciales. Antes y después de la realización de una prueba incremental en tapiz de laboratorio, se midió la capacidad de SV de 12 árbitros de fútbol de alto nivel que arbitraban en las categorías de mayor nivel del futbol español. Por un lado, no se produjo el efecto potenciación post activación (PAP) ya que la mejora de la capacidad de SV fue trivial-baja (p > 0,05; ∆ = 0,10-2,19%; d = 0,01-0,21). Por otro lado, debido a que las asociaciones entre la variación de SV y los valores máximos en el test incremental fueron en la mayor parte de los casos bajas (r=-0,25/0,24), no parece evidenciarse que la fatiga producida en el test máximo incremental esté asociada a una pérdida de rendimiento en la capacidad de salto en los árbitros de fútbol de alto nivel.

Abstract

Soccer refereeing demand a high neuromuscular implication which it could produce accumulative fatigue and keep down the physical performance of soccer referees. The aims of this study were 1) to describe the performance in an incremental maximum test and in the bilateral and unilateral vertical jump (VJ) capacity in soccer referees, and 2) to analyze the variation on the VJ capacity after performing a maximum incremental test. Before and after performing a cardiovascular incremental test, VJ capacity was measured in 12 high-level soccer referees who officiated at high Spanish competitive-level. On one side, post activation potentiation (PAP) effect was not produced because the improvement of VJ was trivial-small (p > 0,05; ∆ = 0,10-2,19%; d = 0,01-0,21). On the other side, due to the associations between VJ variation and maximum values on the incremental test were small in many cases (r=-0,25/0,24), it could happen that the fatigue induced by the incremental maximum test is not associated to a loss of performance in the vertical jump capacity in high-level soccer referees.

https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2019.05807

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