Abstract

The aims of this study were a) to assess whether obesity acts as a mediator between i) cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and mean blood pressure; and ii) between between physical activity (PA) and mean blodd pressure in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a 632 children and adolescents. It was measured mean blood pressure, body mass index, fat mass and waist circumference. CRF and PA was assessing with Course Navette test and ActiGraph. The analysis of the mediation was performed using Process macro for SPSS. The results indicate that obesity acts as a partial mediation in the association between CRF and mean blood pressure in 10-12 years old children (z=from -5.81 to -5.40; all p˂0.000). These results indicate that obesity acts as a complete mediator in the association between PA and mean blood pressure in 10-12 years old children (z=from -4.49 to -1.94; all p˂0.000). Our result reinforces the relevance of prevent weight increse and improve cardiorespiratory fitness level since erly age in children and adolescents to prevent high mean blood pressure. Increasing the level of physical activity can influence on obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness.

Resumen

Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: a) evaluar si la obesidad actúa como mediador entre i) la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria (CRF) y la presión arterial media; y ii) entre la actividad física (AF) y la presión arterial media en niños y adolescentes. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 632 niños y adolescentes. Se midió la presión arterial media, el índice de masa corporal, la masa grasa y la circunferencia de la cintura. El CRF y la AF se evaluaron con la prueba de Course Navette y el dispositivo ActiGraph. El análisis de la mediación se realizó utilizando Process macro for SPSS. Los resultados indican que la obesidad actúa como mediadora parcial en la asociación entre el CRF y la presión arterial media (z=de -5,81 a -5,40; todos p˂0.000) y que la obesidad actúa como mediador completo en la asociación entre la AF y la presión arterial media en niños de 10 a 12 años (z=de -4,49 a -1,94; todos p˂0.000). Nuestro resultado refuerza la relevancia de prevenir el aumento de peso y mejorar el nivel de aptitud cardiorrespiratoria desde temprana edad para prevenir la presión arterial. El aumento del nivel de actividad física puede influir en la obesidad y en la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria.

https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2021.06501

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