Variaciones antropométricas a lo largo de un periodo competitivo en judokas de élite. (Anthropometric variations over a competitive period in elite judoka).

Resumen

El objetivo del presente estudio fue valorar el efecto de un periodo competitivo sobre características antropométricas en judokas de élite. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 7 judokas de alto nivel (21 ± 2,7 años, 72,8±15,9 kg, 170,8 ± 10,3 cm y 11,22 ± 2,6 años de experiencia en judo). Durante un periodo de 7 semanas se valoró la carga de entrenamiento, así como el perfil antropométrico. Los resultados muestran variaciones de la carga de entrenamiento, masa corporal, porcentaje de grasa, y masa residual las semanas previas a las competiciones (p<.05); a su vez se observa la relación entre el tipo de entrenamiento y la masa corporal, porcentaje de grasa y masa muscular (p<.05). Se concluye que la carga de entrenamiento y la preparación para la competición afectan significativamente a las variables antropométricas de los judokas de élite, aspecto que puede contribuir a una mejor orientación del entrenamiento específico en periodos competitivos.

Palabras clave: judo; antropometría; carga de entrenamiento.

Abstract

The aim was to assess the effect of competitive period on anthropometric characteristics of elite judoka. 7 high-level judo (21 ± 2.7 years, 72.8 ± 15.9 kg, 170.8 ± 10.3 cm and 11.22 ± 2.6 years of experience in judo) were selected. Over a period of 7 weeks, training load and the anthropometric profile was evaluated. The results show variations in training load, body mass, fat percentage, and residual mass in the weeks before the competition (p <.05), in turn shows the relationship between type of training and body mass percentage of fat and muscle mass (p <.05). We conclude that the burden of training and preparation for competition significantly affect anthropometric variables of elite judoka, an aspect that can contribute to better targeting of specific training in competitive periods.

Key Words: judokas; anthropometric; load training.

doi:10.5232/ricyde2011.02404

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