Los factores ambientales y su influencia en los patrones de actividad física en adolescentes. (The environmental factors and their influence in the patterns of physical activity in adolescents).

Resumen

La mayoría de estudios demuestran; a) un descenso de la actividad física (AF) que coincide con la adolescencia, sobre todo en población femenina, b) durante la primavera y la jornada escolar se realiza mayor AF que durante el invierno o el fin de semana, siendo esta actividad fundamentalmente moderada. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar los niveles de actividad física de los adolescentes de dos poblaciones aragonesas (Zaragoza y Sabiñánigo). Para ello hemos utilizado el Four by one-day Physical Activity Questionnaire. Los resultados de nuestro estudio señalan que: el gasto energético total derivado de la práctica de actividad física, es mayor en la zona rural estudiada; mientras que el gasto energético derivado de la jornada escolar tanto de invierno como de primavera es mayor en la población urbana estudiada, el gasto energético derivado del fin de semana tanto de invierno como de primavera es mayor en la población rural; es mayor la actividad física realizada por los hombres que por las mujeres solo en el caso de la población urbana estudiada; predominan las actividades ligeras o muy ligeras en ambos sexos y poblaciones; encontramos una relación significativa entre las horas que ven televisión y la práctica de actividad física.

Palabras clave/keywords: niveles de actividad fisica | gasto energetico | promocion de la actividad fisica | teenagers | levels of physical activity | energy expenditure | physical activity promotion

Abstract

Most of studies they demonstrate; a) a reduction of the physical activity (AF) that agrees with the adolescence, mainly in feminine population, b) during the spring and the scholastic day is made greater high frequency than during the winter or the weekend, being this fundamentally moderate activity. The objective of this study is to compare the levels of physical activity of the adolescents of two Aragonese populations (Zaragoza and Sabiñánigo). For it we have used the Four by one-day Physical Activity Questionnaire. The results of our study indicate that: the energy expenditure total (kcal/kg/day) derivative of the practice of physical activity, is greater in the studied countryside; whereas the energy expenditure derived from the scholastic day as much of winter as of spring is greater in the studied urban population, the energy expenditure derived from the weekend as much of winter as of spring he is greater in the rural population; the physical activity made by the men is greater who by the women single in the case of the studied urban population; the slight or very slight activities in both sexes and populations predominate; we found a significant relation between the hours that watch television and the high frequency practice.

doi:10.5232/ricyde2006.00401

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