El objetivo del presente artículo fue plantear una propuesta metodológica para equipos técnicos en relación a la utilización y modificación de los diferentes parámetros del juego para el trabajo de la resistencia específica en baloncesto desde una perspectiva integrada. Para ello, se elaboró una revisión en relación al estado actual sobre los juegos en espacio reducido en baloncesto, estudiando el efecto de las distintas variables del juego sobre la frecuencia cardíaca y la intensidad de juego. Durante el proceso de selección de artículos de la revisión, se consultaron diversas palabras claves como conditioning y basketball en bases de datos como Pubmed y ISI web of knowledge. Finalmente, se incluyeron en la revisión 12 artículos que evidenciaron que la modificación de parámetros de juego como el número de jugadores, el espacio, el tiempo y las normas, pueden condicionar la orientación del trabajo de la resistencia.  En base a estas conclusiones, se formuló una propuesta metodológica sobre cómo utilizar los distintos parámetros de juego con el fin de planificar y/o controlar las cargas de resistencia específica en baloncesto de forma integrada en el juego. Sin embargo, se debe tener presente que los estudios en los que se ha fundamentado la propuesta, únicamente han analizado efectos simples de los diferentes parámetros. De éste modo, futuros estudios deberían estudiar los efectos de interacción entre los diferentes parámetros para validar la propuesta. Aun así, creemos que ésta propuesta puede ayudar a integrar el entrenamiento de la resistencia con la técnica y la táctica.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to create a methodological proposal for coaching staff, which consist in using the game parameters during small sided games in order to integrate endurance training with technical and tactical drills in basketball. For this reason, a systematic review was carried out so as to study the changes in heart rate and game intensity depending on the game parameters used during the game situation. Different key words such as conditioning and basketball in different data bases such as Pub Med or ISI web of knowledge were checked throughout the selection process. Finally, 12 articles were included in the review showing that the modification of some game parameters such as number of players, space conditions, time aspects and game rules, can influence the orientation of the endurance training in basketball. Thereby, a methodological proposal was created to illustrate the usefulness of the different game parameters in order to control and plan the endurance training integrated with technical and tactical drills in basketball. However, the background studies of the methodological proposal should be considered since these studies only have analyzed the simple effects of the different parameters and due to the fact, future studies should study the interaction of the different parameters in order to validate the proposal. Nevertheless, it is believed that this methodological proposal can be helpful so as to integrate endurance training with technical and tactical drills.

https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2017.05007

Referencias/references

Atli, H.; Köklü, Y.; Alemdaroglu, U., y Koçak, F. Ü. (2013). A comparison of heart rate response and frequencies of technical actions between half-court and full-court 3-a-side games in high school female basketball players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(2), 352-356.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182542674

Balagué, N.; Torrents, C.; Pol, R., y Seirul·lo, F. (2014). Entrenamiento integrado. Principios dinámicos y aplicaciones. Apuntes. Educación física y deporte, 2(116), 60-68.
https://doi.org/10.5672/apunts.2014-0983.es.(2014/2).116.06

Ben Abdelkrim, N.; Castagna, C.; El Fazaa, S., y El Ati, J. (2010a). The effect of players' standard and tactical strategy on game demands in men's basketball. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(10), 2652-2662.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e2e0a3

Ben Abdelkrim, N.; Castagna, C.; Jabri, Y.; Battikh, T.; El Fazaa, S., y El Ati, J. (2010b). Activity profile and physiological requirements of junior elite basketball players in relation to aerobic-anaerobic fitness. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(9), 2330-2342.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e381c1

Ben Abdelkrim, N.; El Fazaa, S., y El Ati, J. (2007). Time–motion analysis and physiological data of elite under-19-year-old basketball players during competition. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(2), 69-75.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2006.032318

Castagna, C.; Impellizzeri, F. M.; Chaouachi, A.; Ben Abdelkrim, N., y Manzi, V. (2011). Physiological responses to ball-drills in regional level male basketball players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(12), 1329-1336.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.597418

Conte, D.; Favero, T. G.; Lupo, C.; Francioni, F. M.; Capranica, L., y Tessitore, A. (2015a). Time-motion analysis of Italian elite women's basketball games: Individual and team analysis. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(1), 144-150.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000633

Conte, D.; Favero, T. G.; Niederhausen, M.; Capranica, L., y Tessitore, A. (2015b). Physiological and technical demands of no dribble game drill in young basketball players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(12), 3375-3379.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000997

Conte, D.; Favero, T. G.; Niederhausen, M.; Capranica, L., y Tessitore, A. (2016). Effect of different number of players and training regimes on physiological and technical demands of ball-drills in basketball. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(8), 780-786.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1069384

Davids, K.; Araújo, D.; Correia, V., y Vilar, L. (2013). How small-sided and conditioned games enhance acquisition of moviment and decision-making skills. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 41(3), 154-161.
https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e318292f3ec

Dehesa, R.; Vaquera, A.; García-Tormo, J.V., y Bayón, P. (2015). Heart rate analysis of high level basketball players during training sessions. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 24(1), 17-19.

Delextrat, A.; Badiella, A.; Saavedra, V.; Matthew, D.; Schelling, X., y Torres-Ronda, L. (2015). Match activity demands of elite Spanish female basketball players by playing position. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 15(2), 687-703.

Delextrat, A.; Baliqi, F., y Clarke, N. (2013). Repeated sprint ability and stride kinematics are altered following an oficial match in national-level basketball players. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 52(2), 112-118.

Delextrat, A., y Cohen, D. (2009). Strength, power, speed, and agility of women basketball players according to playing position. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23, 1974-1981.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b86a7e

Delextrat, A., y Kraiem, S. (2013). Heart-rate responses by playing position during ball drills in basketball. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 8, 410-418.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b86a7e

Delextrat, A., y Martinez, A. (2014). Small-sided games training improves aerobic capacity and technical skills in basketball players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(5), 385-391.

Fox, J. L., Scanlan, A. T., y Stanton, R. (2017). A review of player monitoring approaches in basketball: Current trends and future directions. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001964

Halouani, J.; Chtourou, H.; Gabbett, T.; Chaouachi, A., y Chamari, K. (2014). Small-sided games in team sports training: A brief review. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(12), 3594-3618.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000564

Kelso, J. S., y Tuller, B. (1984). A dynamical basis for action systems. In M.S. Gazzaniga (Ed.), Handbook of Cognitive Neuroscience (pp. 321-356). Springer US.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2177-2_16

Klusemann, M. J.; Pyne, D. B.; Foster, C., y Drinkwater, E. J. (2012). Optimising technical skills and physical loading in small-sided basketball games. Journal of sports Sciences, 30(14), 1463-1471.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.712714

Klusemann, M. J.; Pyne, D. B.; Hopkins, W. G., y Drinkwater, E. J. (2013). Activity profiles and demands of seasonal and tournament basketball competition. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 8(6), 623-629.
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.6.623

Martínez-Fernández, S., García, J., & Ibáñez Godoy, S. J. (2015). Incidence of type of game mode in player participation in minibasket. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 24(3), 0065-68.

Matthew, D., y Delextrat, A. (2009). Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and time–motion analysis of female basketball players during competition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(8), 813-821.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410902926420

Montgomery, P. G.; Pyne, D. B., y Minahan, C. L. (2010). The physical and physiological demands of basketball training and competition. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 5, 75-86.
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.5.1.75

Narazaki, K.; Berg, K.; Stergiou, N., y Chen, B. (2009). Physiological demands of competitive basketball. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine Science in Sports, 19(3), 425-432.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00789.x

Nikolaidis, P.; Calleja-González, J., y Padulo, J. (2014). The effect of age on positional differences in anthropometry, bodycomposition, physique and anaerobic power of elite basketball players. Sport Sciences for Health, 10(3), 225-233.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00789.x

Reina Román, M., Mancha Triguero, D., Feu Molina, S., y Ibáñez Godoy, S. J. (2017). ¿ Se entrena como se compite? Análisis de la carga en baloncesto femenino. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 26(3), 0009-13.

Schelling, X., y Torres-Ronda, L. (2013). Conditioning for basketball: Quality and quantity of training. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(6), 89-94.
https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000018

Seirul·lo, F. (1987). Opción de planificación en deportes de largo periodo de competiciones. Revista Entrenamiento Deportivo, 1(3), 53-62

Solé, J. (2002). Entrenamiento de la Resistencia en los deportes de equipo. Apuntes del Máster de alto rendimiento en deportes de equipo. Byomedic System: Barcelona

Torres-Ronda, L.; Ric, A.; Llabres-Torres, I.; de las Heras, B., y Schelling, X. (2016). Position-dependent cardiovascular response and time-motion analysis during training drills and friendly matches in elite male basketball players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(1), 60-70.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001043

Vaquera Jiménez, A., Suárez Iglesias, D., Vidania de Luis, L., y Calleja González, J. (2017). Nueva aproximación a los juegos reducidos en baloncesto en función del número de jugadores, la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo y la recuperación. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 26(3), 0015-21.