Evaluar la condición física de los deportistas permite conocer qué aspectos deben ser mejorados, así como comparar el nivel de condición física del jugador respecto a grupos de referencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue medir los niveles de condición física de jugadores de tenis en silla de ruedas (TSR) y establecer comparaciones en función del ranking y tipo de lesión. Los participantes de esta investigación fueron 9 jugadores masculinos de TSR de alto nivel. Los jugadores completaron una batería de tests que constó de las siguientes pruebas: fuerza del antebrazo, velocidad de servicio, velocidad de desplazamiento en 5, 10, y 20 m (con y sin raqueta), test de agilidad (con y sin raqueta), test de lanzamiento de balón medicinal (golpes de saque, derecha, y revés) y un test incremental de resistencia específico de TSR. Los resultados mostraron que los jugadores de nivel más alto tienen mejores niveles de condición física en todas las pruebas, encontrando diferencias significativas en casi todos los tests. Los jugadores con una limitación funcional mayor mostraron valores más bajos, aunque no se encontraron gran cantidad de diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Los test utilizados pueden ser empleados para evaluar los niveles de condición física en jugadores de TSR pues discriminan en función del nivel del deportista, y no son excluyentes en relación a la limitación funcional.

Abstract

Testing the physical condition of athletes allows to know which aspects should be improved on the player, as well as the level of physical condition of the player with respect to normative groups, among others. The aim of this study was to test the fitness levels of wheelchair tennis (WT) players and establish comparisons based on their ranking and their level of impairment. The participants in this research were 9 male high-level WT players. The players completed a battery of tests consisting in the following tests: forearm strength, speed of service, sprint in 5, 10, and 20 m (with and without racket), agility test (with and without racket), medicine ball throw test (serve, forehand, and backhand movements) and an endurance specific wheelchair tennis test. The results showed that the highest-level players have better fitness levels in all the tests, finding significant differences in almost all of them. The players with greater functional limitation showed lower values, although a large number of statistically significant differences were not found. This test battery used can be used to assess the fitness levels of WT players because they discriminate depending on the level of the athlete, and are not exclusive in relation to their activity limitation.

https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2019.05702

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