Perfil antropométrico de las jugadoras de baloncesto españolas. Análisis en función del nivel competitivo y de la posición específica de juego. (Anthropometric profile of Spanish female basketball players. Analysis by level and by playing position).

Resumen

El objetivo del estudio es determinar el perfil antropométrico de las jugadoras de baloncesto en España en función del nivel competitivo y del puesto específico de juego. La muestra se compone de 64 jugadoras de baloncesto pertenecientes a equipos federados de la Liga Femenina de Baloncesto (n=20), Liga Femenina 2 de Baloncesto (n=22) y Primera Nacional (n=22).
En total se registraron 16 medidas antropométricas (masa corporal, talla, siete pliegues, tres diámetros y cuatro perímetros) para posteriormente determinar la composición corporal y el somatotipo. En términos generales se observan diferencias tanto en composición corporal como en somatotipo entre diferentes niveles competitivos, diferencias que pueden considerarse favorables a las jugadoras de mayor nivel en casi todas las variables examinadas. Podemos hablar de la existencia de un perfil cineantropométrico específico en función de la posición de juego. Las pívots son las jugadoras más altas y pesadas, y con mayor porcentaje de grasa, seguidas por las aleros y por último las bases.

Palabras clave: baloncesto femenino; antropometría; composición corporal; somatotipo; somatocarta.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the anthropometric profile of Spanish female basketball players by level and by playing position. The sample was formed by 64 female baskeball players who practiced basketball in collegiated teams of Liga Femenina de Baloncesto (20), Liga Femenina 2 de Baloncesto (22) and Primera Nacional (22).
Sixteen body dimensions were measured (body mass, height, seven skinfolds, three diameters and four girths) in order to determine body composition and somatotype. The results of the study demonstrated that body composition and somatotype were different between levels of play. Both data were favourable to the highest level in almost all the examined variables. When we analysed body composition and somatotype by playing position we realised that an specific anthropometric profile existed in all playing positions. Center were taller and heavier than forwards and guards and also had higher body fat percentages than the other groups.

Key words: female basketball; anthropometry; body composition; somatotype; somatochart.

doi:10.5232/ricyde2009.01501

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