Ansiedad estado y autoconfianza precompetitiva en gimnastas. (Precompetitive anxiety state and self-confidence in gymnasts).

Resumen

Se describen las diferencias en los niveles de ansiedad y sus interpretaciones en gimnastas de diferente edad, género y niveles competitivos ante una competición importante y se analizan las diferencias ante competiciones de diferente importancia en las gimnastas de bajo nivel. El grupo (G1) estuvo formado por 8 gimnastas de la Selección Nacional de Gimnasia Artística Masculina y el grupo (G2) por 8 gimnastas de nivel nacional de Gimnasia Artística Femenina. Se administró una versión reducida del Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) en tres competiciones, dos importantes para cada grupo (G1 y G2a) y la tercera de menor importancia para el grupo 2 (G2b). Los gimnastas del G1 tuvieron mayores niveles de autoconfianza e interpretaron dichos síntomas como muy facilitadores para su rendimiento competitivo e interpretaron los síntomas de ansiedad cognitiva más intensamente que los del G2. No encontramos diferencias significativas entre niveles e interpretación de ansiedad y autoconfianza en G2 cuando se evalúan en dos competiciones de diferente importancia.

Palabras Clave: ansiedad; autoconfianza; percepción direccional; gimnasia artística.

Abstract

The purpose was to describe the intensity and directional interpretation of anxiety and self-confidence in gymnasts of different ages, gender and competitive level in a major competition and analyze their differences in two meeting of very different importance in minor-level gymnasts. Were evaluated eight elite men gymnasts (G1; International level) and 8 national level female gymnasts (G2; National level). We administered a shortened version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) in three competitions, among which two were most important in the season for each group (G1 and G2a) and the minor third for the group minor-level (G2b). The G1 have higher levels of self-confidence that G2. Moreover their interpretation of symptoms of anxiety as facilitators for their competitive performance was very high. The G1 had interpretations of the cognitive symptoms of anxiety higher than G2. No significant differences between intensity and directional interpretation of anxiety and self-confidence in G2 when evaluated in two competitions of different importance.

Key words: anxiety; self-confidence; directional perception; artistic gymnastic.

doi:10.5232/ricyde2011.02301

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