El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido analizar la respuesta cardiaca (FC), el esfuerzo percibido (EP) y la demanda técnico-táctica en varios juegos reducidos (JRs) con porterías reglamentarias y diferente asignación en el tipo de defensa (libre vs. al hombre). Doce futbolistas de 17.5±0.8 años realizaron 4 formatos de JRs (3 series de 4 min): 3 vs. 3 y 6 vs. 6, con y sin defensa al hombre. La intensidad/carga de los JRs fue cuantificada mediante la FC y el EP. Además, con el objetivo de analizar las acciones técnico-tácticas, las tareas de entrenamiento fueron grabadas con una cámara de vídeo. El EP fue superior (p<0.05) en la defensa al hombre en comparación con la defensa libre tanto en el 3 vs. 3 como en el 6 vs. 6 (7.0 ±1.2 vs. 5.2 ±1.2 y 5.4 ±1.1 vs. 4.0 ±0.7, respectivamente). Sin embargo, no se mostraron diferencias (p>0.05) en la FC para los mismos JRs “(87.7 ±3.7 vs. 87.1 ±3.5% de la FC_max, en 3 vs. 3; 85.0 ±4.0 vs. 83.1 ±5.0% de la FC_max, en 6 vs 6). El éxito en el pase, el número de intervenciones, de interceptaciones y de acciones de control y pase fue significativamente mayor (p<0.05) en el formato de 6 vs. 6 con marcaje libre frente al marcaje al hombre. Los resultados sugieren que la intercambiabilidad de la FC y el EP en la valoración de la intensidad/carga de los JRs debe ser aplicada con cautela. El tipo de defensa empleado en los JRs influye en la intervención técnico-táctica del jugador.

Abstract

The aim of this research was to analyse the heart rate (HR), the perceived exertion (PE), and the technical-tactical demand in several small-sided games (SSGs) with standard goals and different defence schemes (no man-marking vs man-marking). Twelve football players whose age was 17.5±0.8 years old performed 4 different kinds of SSGs  (3 sets of 4 min): 3 vs. 3 and 6 vs. 6 with and without man-marking. The load of SSGs was quantified by HR and PE. In addition, each SSGs was video recorded with the aim to analyse technical-tactical performances. The PE was higher in man-marking (p<0.05) compared to no man-marking in both 3 vs. 3 and 6 vs. 6 SSGs (7.0 ±1.2 vs. 5.2 ±1.2 y 5.4 ±1.1 vs. 4.0 ±0.7, (7.0 ±1.2 vs. 5.2 ±1.2 and 5.4 ±1.1 vs. 4.0 ±0.7, respectively). However, no differences were shown (p>0.05) by HRmax for the very same SSGs (87.7 ±3.7 vs. 87.1 ±3.5%, 3 vs. 3; 85.0 ±4.0 vs. 83.1 ±5.0%, 6 vs. 6). Successful ball-passing, the number of interventions and the control-passing actions were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the 6 vs. 6 no man-marking vs. man-marking. The results suggest that interchangeability between the HR and PE must be applied cautiously when assessing SSGs intensity/load. The defence used in SSGs influences the technical-tactical demands.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2016.04401

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